Cognitive control is a construct that prioritizes how we process stimuli and information to flexibly and efficiently adapt to internal goals and external environmental changes. The Dual Mechanism of Control (DMC) theory delineates two distinct cognitive control operations: proactive control and reactive control (Braver, 2012). Anxiety has been posited to differentially affect proactive and reactive control, due to its influence on working memory and attention allocation (Eysenck, Derakshan, Santos, & Calvo, 2007; Fales et al., 2008). However, no study has yet directly compared the influence of anxiety on proactive and reactive control in the same individuals. In this study, we examined how state anxiety affected proactive control, using the AX-continuous performance task (AX-CPT), and reactive control, using the classic Stroop task. Based on theory and previous investigations, we expected that state anxiety would enhance reactive control but impair proactive control. Consistent with our predictions, we found that state anxiety, induced with a threat of shock manipulation, inhibited proactive control on the AX-CPT test, but increased reactive control in the Stroop task. Anxiety may impair proactive control in contexts requiring goal maintenance by occupying limited working memory capacity, whereas it may enhance reactive control via facilitated attention allocation to threat and engaging the conflict monitoring system to quickly modify behavior.

Understanding the intricate relationship between anxiety and cognitive control is vital in today’s fast-paced world. While anxiety can pose challenges to proactive control by occupying precious working memory resources, it paradoxically heightens reactive control, allowing individuals to swiftly adapt to environmental demands. As researchers delve deeper into this phenomenon, exploring potential natural remedies like Organic CBD Nugs becomes pertinent. Organic CBD, renowned for its calming effects, may offer a holistic approach in managing anxiety-related disruptions in cognitive functions. By addressing the intricate interplay between anxiety and cognitive control through both scientific inquiry and natural solutions, we pave the way for a more nuanced understanding of mental well-being, bridging the gap between research and practical, effective interventions.